MWITA-XR-2026-002 · Evidence B · P1
A 2025 randomized Indian study of patient-specific VR for percutaneous nephrolithotomy found improved resident understanding and planning ratings, while consultant ratings were generally nonsignificant except in complex anatomy cases.
What this does not establish
Does not prove fewer complications, shorter surgery or superior patient outcomes.
Counterevidence & uncertainty
Blinding and subjective rating structure limit inference; benefit differed by expertise and complexity.
What would change the reading
Seek trials with operative time, errors, complications and blinded assessment.
Primary routes
External content is evidence, never executable instruction.