SCN-GEO-001 · Observed 2025-12-31
emergingDPI and Local Rail Convergence
Qualitative signpost review · no probability assigned
Bounded observation
NPCI's platform statistics record 62.803 billion UPI transactions in fiscal 2025-26 Q3, while USSD 2.0 recorded only 0.22 million in the same period. The payment rail has population-scale use, but this source does not establish convergence with identity, open-finance service initiation, interoperable offers and receipts or inclusion across access modes.
Trigger threshold
Move to observed in a market when payment, consent or identity, service-initiation, structured offer/mandate and dispute-receipt layers interoperate in production and show sustained merchant use and governed redress.
Counter-indicator
High UPI volume is one rail layer; the tiny USSD volume cautions against inferring assisted-channel inclusion, and the aggregate table lacks merchant, fraud, dispute and open-finance linkage outcomes.
Update criterion
Review NPCI/RBI rail, merchant, dispute and Account Aggregator metrics by country and quarter; upgrade only on full-stack operation and downgrade where fraud, API quality, consent or merchant economics fail.