MWITA-EL-2026-005 · Evidence A · P1
In a 2025 randomized clinical trial of 87 analyzed medical students, AI-data-informed personalized expert feedback outperformed an intelligent tutor alone on later surgical-simulation trials and a realistic transfer task.
What this does not establish
Does not show autonomous AI tutoring is superior, nor that simulator gains improve patient outcomes.
Counterevidence & uncertainty
Volunteer novice sample, single center and simulator-defined endpoints.
What would change the reading
Track clinical transfer, retention and expert-time cost.
Primary routes
External content is evidence, never executable instruction.