MWITA-MIO-2026-001 · Evidence A · P1
Across 15 Facebook advertising RCTs, commonly used observational estimators often failed to recover experiment-identified lift even with extensive demographic and behavioral controls; in half of the purchase studies every tested observational method missed percentage lift by at least a factor of three.
What this does not establish
Does not show that every observational estimator is biased upward or that experiments are automatically valid; the evidence is specific to Facebook campaigns and the logged covariates available in these studies.
Counterevidence & uncertainty
High-dimensional adjustment sometimes came close but did not reliably remove exposure-selection bias, contradicting the premise that granular platform data alone make attribution causal.
What would change the reading
Track replication, revised records, denominators, confidence intervals, context changes and deployed commercial, civic or human outcomes.
Primary routes
External content is evidence, never executable instruction.