Frontier · D24
Frontier Science & Wildcards
556 connected claims · 371 source-domain links · Priority P3
- MWITA-KI-2026-007The Bank of Korea states that no decision has been made to issue a CBDC.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-KI-2026-008Project Hangang was a bounded pilot of wholesale-CBDC infrastructure and tokenized bank deposits, planned for seven banks and up to 100,000 participants from April through June 2025.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-KI-2026-021Government of India releases reported IndiaAI compute capacity exceeding 45,000 GPUs in 2026.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-001China's National Energy Administration reported 136 GW/351 GWh of new-type energy storage built and operating at end-2025, up 84% in power capacity year on year, with preliminary average equivalent utilization of 1,195 hours.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-002China's 2025-2027 action plan targets more than 180 GW of installed new-type energy storage by 2027 and anticipates about RMB250 billion of direct investment.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-003India's MNRE reported about 1.443 million rooftop systems installed under PM Surya Ghar between 1 January and 22 December 2025, benefiting more than 1.814 million households; the 10-million-household FY2026-27 figure remains a target.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-004As of 30 November 2025, MNRE reported 667.31 MW under PM-KUSUM Component A, more than 942,000 standalone solar pumps, and more than 1.099 million grid-connected pumps solarized.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-005Saudi Energy Company reported 18 GWh of battery storage energized by end-H1 2026, after five projects added 10 GWh in Q2; this is an issuer-reported operating-state figure, not the earlier development pipeline.Evidence B · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-006Chile's CNE reported 1,298 MW of installed storage in the national power system in April 2025 with 4.3 hours equivalent duration; its 3,765 MW end-2025 and 5,493 MW 2026 values were forecasts based on construction/committed projects, not operating stock.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-007China reported 1.84 TW of grid-connected wind and solar at end-2025, equal to 47.3% of installed power capacity, while those sources supplied 22% of electricity output; capacity share and generation share are therefore non-interchangeable measures.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-008Viet Nam's Ministry of Industry and Trade reported a record 54,370 MW national peak in the first eight months of 2025, up 11.1% year on year, while its implementation review said key generation and grid projects under adjusted PDP VIII remained limited.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-009Morocco's finance ministry reported that the Sidi Ifni seawater-desalination plant entered service in February 2025 at 3.15 million cubic metres per year, bringing ONEE-developed desalination stock to 13 plants and 85.3 million cubic metres per year.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-010The same official review placed Casablanca's 300-million-cubic-metre desalination project at about 81% completion for its 200-million-cubic-metre first phase and scheduled service for 1 February 2027; it was not operating in 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-011DEWA reported 495 million imperial gallons per day of installed desalination capacity at end-2025: 427 MIGD thermal MSF and 68 MIGD reverse osmosis across Jebel Ali and Palm Jumeirah.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-012DEWA reported the 180-MIGD Hassyan reverse-osmosis desalination project about 78% complete in August 2025 and scheduled for Q1 2027, making it a construction-stage asset rather than 2025 operating supply.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-013Singapore PUB's current programme page schedules DTSS Phase 2, including Tuas Water Reclamation Plant, for phased commissioning from 2027; its land and system benefits remain design expectations until operation is evidenced.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-014UNEP's Global Cooling Watch 2025 models cooling demand as more than tripling by 2050 under business as usual and cooling-related emissions reaching about 7.2 GtCO2e; its Sustainable Cooling Pathway lowers modeled 2050 emissions to about 2.6 GtCO2e.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-015An April 2026 Indian government release states that the India Cooling Action Plan was being implemented in more than 250 cities, but provides neither a city list nor measured energy, heat-health or refrigerant outcomes.Evidence B · P2
- MWITA-CI-2026-016China's 2025 national carbon-market progress report says steel, cement and aluminium smelting entered the operational implementation phase, six accounting/verification specifications were issued and 1,334 newly covered key emitters had been listed by the report date.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-017India's December 2025 CCTS framework assigns BEE as administrator and Grid India as registry, with separate compliance and offset mechanisms; this establishes governance roles but not a liquid market or verified abatement outcome.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-018Japan's Cabinet approved the Seventh Strategic Energy Plan and GX2040 Vision on 18 February 2025, aligning energy policy with greenhouse-gas reduction targets of 60% by FY2035 and 73% by FY2040 from FY2013.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-019Brazil's Nova Industria Brasil programme page states an expected R$300 billion programme envelope through 2026 and a 2033 mission target to cut industrial CO2 intensity per value added by 30%; these are finance architecture and policy targets, not disbursement or achieved reductions.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-020India's Cabinet approved a seven-year National Critical Mineral Mission with Rs16,300 crore of government expenditure and Rs18,000 crore of expected public-enterprise investment, spanning exploration through recovery from end-of-life products.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-021India notified final Environment Protection (End-of-Life Vehicles) Rules on 6 January 2025, creating producer-responsibility and recycling obligations for end-of-life vehicles.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-022China's NDRC reported more than 400 million tonnes recovered across ten major recycled-resource categories in 2024, while the December 2025 action plan set 2030 targets including more than 300 million tonnes of scrap steel and 80 million tonnes of waste paper recovered annually.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-023South Africa's environment deputy minister stated in January 2025 that the country generated more than 360,000 tonnes of e-waste annually and properly recycled only about 10%; 2023 externally audited EPR reports recorded R158 million in sector fees.Evidence B · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-024IEA estimated data centres used about 415 TWh, or 1.5% of global electricity consumption, in 2024 and modeled a base case of about 945 TWh in 2030; the latter is a scenario, not commissioned demand.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-025Japan's METI and MIC published Report 1.0 on watt-bit collaboration in June 2025 to coordinate data-centre siting with electricity and telecommunications infrastructure; it is a planning mechanism, not evidence of optimized or decarbonized compute.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-026A Malaysian government statement reported 18 data centres with at least 800 MW total electricity demand in February 2025 and expected 81 centres by 2035; the current aggregate and future count must not be merged.Evidence B · P0
- MWITA-CI-2026-027UNIDO's 2025 policy research treats diversification, regional integration, resource efficiency and transparent trade frameworks as resilience mechanisms, but does not establish a universal firm-level outcome from any single intervention.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-028Brazil's government announced access to R$1.3 billion through the Climate Investment Funds Industrial Decarbonization Program in June 2025, while explicitly saying a detailed investment plan still had to be developed.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CI-2026-029South Africa's gazetted December 2025 National Waste Management Strategy 2026 document was explicitly a fourth draft; its proposed diversion and EPR targets are consultation-stage policy, not final rules or achieved circularity outcomes.Evidence A · P2
- MWITA-FAW-2026-001SOFI 2025 estimated that 673.2 million people, 8.2% of the global population, were undernourished in 2024, down from 688.4 million and 8.5% in 2023.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-002SOFI 2025 estimated 306.5 million undernourished people in Africa in 2024, up from 296.2 million in 2023, while Asia and South America drove the modest global improvement.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-003FAO's SOFI 2026 launch reported an estimated 645 million people facing hunger in 2025, 7.8% of the global population and about 14 million fewer than in 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-004SOFI 2026 reported Africa's hunger prevalence easing from 20.3% in 2024 to 20.0% in 2025 while approximately 309 million people remained undernourished, showing that a lower rate need not mean a lower absolute count.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-011As of 2025, World Bank reporting says Ethiopia's One WASH-CWA had benefited about 7.5 million people, including 1.95 million through water supply and 5.5 million through safe sanitation, with more than 2,600 rural water schemes completed.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-FAW-2026-012China's statistics office estimated 2025 grain output at 714.88 million tonnes, up 1.2% year on year, with yield at 5,987 kg/ha, up 1.1%, while sown area rose only 0.1%.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-013India reported more than 76.3 million Farmer IDs and 235 million crop plots surveyed across 492 districts for Rabi 2024-25; these are registry and survey deployment outputs, not verified service or welfare outcomes.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-017Viet Nam's agriculture ministry reported more than 354,000 hectares included in its low-emission rice programme by end-2025, versus an initial 2024-25 target of about 180,000 hectares; only dozens of production models and 11 MRV models were described as pilots.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-018Viet Nam's ministry reported initial pilot-model comparisons of 3–4 tCO2e/ha lower emissions and 13.4% higher average farmer income, with MRV piloted in 11 models in 2025.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-FAW-2026-019By June 2025, seven enterprises had permission to use Viet Nam's low-emission rice label for more than 19,000 tonnes of output, while the ministry said a complete national certification system had not yet been established.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FAW-2026-020Brazil's CONAB estimated the 2024/25 grain crop at a record 350.2 million tonnes in September 2025, 16.3% above the prior season; the agency still labeled it an estimate.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-021Brazil announced R$516.2 billion available for enterprise agriculture under Plano Safra 2025/26; this is a credit envelope, not contracted or disbursed finance.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FAW-2026-022Brazil's AB+S service lets a qualifying farm with a recognized sustainable-practice certificate seek a 0.5 percentage-point Plano Safra interest reduction; eligibility is not uptake or environmental additionality.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FAW-2026-023In August 2025 Mexico reported six irrigation districts underway and ten in tender under Mexico se Tecnifica; more than 200,000 hectares and 2.8 billion m3 recovered for human use remained programme targets.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-024The CBD Secretariat reported that the Cali Fund launched on 25 February 2025 and received its first contribution at the end of 2025; no fund-scale, allocation, disbursement or biodiversity outcome follows from those milestones alone.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-025The resumed CBD COP16 in February 2025 adopted the full indicator set and planning, monitoring, reporting and review mechanism for the Kunming-Montreal framework, alongside a resource-mobilization strategy toward at least US$200 billion annually by 2030.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-FAW-2026-026Brazil's 2025–2030 NBSAP defines a federal strategy, 2050 objectives, 2030 national biodiversity targets and monitoring, financing and communication components; it is an adopted plan, not target attainment.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FAW-2026-027South Africa's audited 2024/25 environment report recorded 158 previously disadvantaged formal and informal businesses supported in biodiversity-economy value chains against a target of 100.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FAW-2026-028Saudi Arabia's ministry reported one million hectares of degraded land rehabilitated and more than 159 million trees planted by end-2025; these are activity and area outputs without survival or ecosystem-condition data on the release page.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-FAW-2026-029Saudi Arabia's 2025 sector summary reported 5,000 agricultural well meters installed and 30% of treated wastewater reused for industrial and agricultural purposes.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-FAW-2026-030Saudi Arabia's ministry reported its 2025 campaigns and national platform lowered the national food-waste rate by 16%, but the release does not disclose baseline, denominator or measurement method.Evidence B · P2
- MWITA-FAW-2026-031FAO's AQUASTAT Water Data Snapshot 2025 reported renewable water availability per person fell 7% over the prior decade, but the 2025 publication primarily reflects the 2024 collection cycle and data through 2022.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-001UN-Habitat's World Cities Report 2026 estimates that up to 3.4 billion people lack access to secure, safe and adequate housing, including more than 1.1 billion people in informal settlements and slums.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-002UN-Habitat reports the global housing deficit increased from 251 million units in 2010 to 288 million units in 2023.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-003The UN system's SDG 11 Global Report 2026 says four in ten urban residents still lack convenient access to public transport.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-004The SDG 11 Global Report 2026 reports that disasters affected an annual average of 123 million people between 2015 and 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-005India reported that by 27 January 2025 PMAY-U had sanctioned 11.864 million houses, grounded 11.250 million and completed or delivered 9.025 million.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-006India reported 29.190774 million PMAY-G houses cumulatively completed by 9 December 2025, including 2.343066 million completed during calendar 2025 to that date.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-007Brazil's PPA monitoring recorded 542,607 Minha Casa Minha Vida homes contracted as of 15 August 2025 against a 2025 programme indicator target of 375,000.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-008Brazil's 2025 MCMV-FAR selection cycle provides for contracting 110,000 urban housing units, including 10,000 for specified emergency or public-works situations.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CT-2026-009Brazil's government reported the simultaneous handover of 1,876 Minha Casa Minha Vida units across five states on 1 August 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CT-2026-010Kenya's Government Delivery Unit reported 130,988 affordable housing units under construction in March 2025, up from 8,872 units in 2022.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-011South Africa's Department of Human Settlements reported 17,859 title deeds registered in 2024/25 against an annual target of 16,000.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CT-2026-012South Africa identified 100 blocked housing projects in its 2024/25 business plan and reported 24 had been unblocked by year end.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CT-2026-013Western Cape's 2025 economic review recorded registered housing demand of 643,377 units, 14.6% higher than previously reported, despite 132,705 housing opportunities delivered over the preceding decade.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-017China's Ministry of Transport reported 341 urban rail lines operating over 11,651 km at end-2025, 728 km more than a year earlier.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-018China's 2025 urban rail passenger volume rose 3.2% to 33.224 billion trips while public bus and trolleybus trips fell 5.5% to 36.566 billion.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-019Jakarta's statistics office recorded 4,057,868 MRT trips, 119,315 LRT trips and 37,463,134 TransJakarta trips in December 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CT-2026-020Saudi Arabia's transport authority reported 32.1 million Riyadh Metro passenger trips in the fourth quarter of 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-025World Bank reporting says Can Tho's 2016–2024 urban resilience project established flood defenses protecting more than 422,000 people and installed 60 hotspot sensors.Evidence B · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-026The World Bank estimates Can Tho's flood-resilience project avoids US$10.7 million in flood-related damages per year.Evidence B · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-030Singapore's Building and Construction Authority reported that close to 66% of national building gross floor area had been greened by December 2025 against an 80% target for 2030.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-031Singapore reported that 33% of new development gross floor area had achieved the Super Low Energy standard by December 2025, while the policy target is 80% from 2030 onward.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CT-2026-032Singapore reported Design for Manufacturing and Assembly adoption in new development gross floor area rose from about 61% in 2023 to 68% in 2024.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CT-2026-033CETUD and the World Bank had established a multidimensional impact-evaluation programme for Dakar's BRT and TER by August 2025, but the country brief reports the evaluation design and data systems rather than completed impact estimates.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CT-2026-034ADB's Urban Financing Partnership Facility supported approval of 13 new technical-assistance projects totaling US$19.52 million in 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-001UNIDO estimated global manufacturing production increased 0.50% quarter on quarter in Q4 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-002UNIDO reported China led regional manufacturing growth in Q4 2025, followed by the rest of Asia-Pacific, while output elsewhere stagnated or declined and Africa recorded moderate growth.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-003UNIDO reported Q4 2025 output in lower-technology manufacturing rose only 0.2%, while medium-high and high-technology industries sustained quarterly growth above 1%. Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-004The 2025 GVC Development Report put global-value-chain trade at 46.3% of world trade in 2024, down only modestly from a 48% peak in 2022.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-005The GVC Development Report 2025 concluded recent rewiring mostly benefited economies already established as suppliers rather than automatically deconcentrating production.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-006IEA estimated that excluding rare earths, the average share of the top refining country rose from 70% in 2023 to 72% in 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-007IEA estimated full implementation of 2025 rare-earth export controls could put US$6.5 trillion per year of downstream production outside China at risk.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-008IEA estimated critical-mineral mining investment fell 9% in 2025, with battery-metals spending down more than 20% and lithium-company investment down about 40%.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-009IEA estimated advanced-economy public-finance commitments for critical minerals reached about US$65 billion in 2025, more than four times 2023, while warning commitments and disbursements differ.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-010IEA estimated Latin America and the Caribbean produces around one-quarter of global lithium but refines only about one-fifth of its mined output of key energy minerals other than lithium.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-011IFR counted 542,000 industrial robots installed worldwide in 2024, the fourth consecutive year above 500,000.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-012IFR counted 295,000 industrial robots installed in China in 2024, 54% of global deployments, with operational stock above two million.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-013IFR counted a record 9,100 industrial robot installations in India in 2024, 7% more than in 2023.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-014IFR counted 30,600 industrial robot installations in Korea in 2024, down 3%, and described annual installations as roughly flat near 31,000 since 2019.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-015China's statistics office reported production of 773,074 industrial robots in 2025, up 28.0% year on year.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-016China's statistics office reported 484.3 billion integrated circuits produced in 2025, up 10.9% year on year.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-017China's official communiqué reported manufacturing value added grew 6.4% in 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-018India reported in April 2026 that commercial production had commenced at two of ten approved semiconductor projects, with two more expected to start during 2026.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-019India reported electronics-goods production of about ₹12 trillion in 2024/25, roughly six times the nominal value in 2014/15.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-020India reported 38 Electronics Components Manufacturing Scheme plants operational and 16 in advanced construction by 17 August 2026.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-021India's 106 approved ECMS projects carried projected investment of ₹695.48 billion, projected production of ₹5.341 trillion and expected direct employment of 74,628.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-022India approved the National Critical Mineral Mission with ₹163 billion government expenditure and ₹180 billion expected PSU investment over seven years.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-023India reported 58 entities pledging 850,000 tonnes per year of critical-mineral recycling capacity under its incentive scheme, versus a 270,000-tonne target.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-024Indonesia broke ground in June 2025 on an integrated battery project designed for 6.9 GWh of cell capacity with a stated later expansion to 15 GWh.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-025Indonesia's government described HLI Green Power's Karawang facility as operating with 10 GWh annual nameplate capacity, equivalent by design to batteries for about 150,000 EVs.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-026Malaysia's statistics office reported manufacturing sales of RM1.97 trillion in 2025, up 4.2% in nominal value from 2024.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-027INEGI recorded 3,953,494 light vehicles produced in Mexico in 2025, 0.9% fewer than in 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-028Statistics South Africa reported total manufacturing production fell 1.3% in 2025 from 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MFG-2026-029Morocco's 2025 industry survey reported 2024 industrial production value of MAD842 billion, up 12%, and industrial employment of 1,038,133, a net increase of 42,714 jobs.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-030Saudi Arabia's preliminary industrial index showed manufacturing output 6.3% higher year on year in September 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-031Brazil's November 2025 tax-advantaged debenture policy estimated potential annual investment of R$5.2 billion in strategic-mineral projects, including R$3.7 billion for transformation and R$1.5 billion for mining and beneficiation.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MFG-2026-032Brazil's 2026 official investor guide says domestic production of high-purity inputs for energy-transition value chains remains incipient despite substantial critical-mineral potential.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-001ITU estimated almost three-quarters of the world's population were online in 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-002ITU estimated 2.2 billion people remained offline in 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-003ITU estimated mobile broadband population coverage above 96% in 2025 while Internet use remained about 74%.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-004ITU estimated 5G covered 55% of the world population in 2025, ranging from 84% in high-income economies to 4% in low-income economies.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-005ITU reported that a data-only mobile broadband basket remained unaffordable in about 60% of low- and middle-income economies in 2025 under its affordability target.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CE-2026-006ITU reported that submarine cables carry more than 99% of international data flows.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-007ITU reported data centres account for about 1.5% of global electricity consumption.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CE-2026-013TRAI released satellite-service spectrum assignment recommendations on 9 May 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-014India's DoT states that a commercial VSAT licence does not itself confer spectrum rights; a separate WPC frequency assignment is required.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-015Indonesia's 2025 ministry report listed SATRIA-1 gateway processing capacity of 150 Gbps but available IP transit of 93 Gbps.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-018On 11 December 2025 the ministry reported 18 SATRIA-1 emergency access points operating and 88 Starlink units distributed across three flood-affected provinces, while BTS restoration remained incomplete in Aceh.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CE-2026-022A CA-KNBS survey summary reported mobile-phone ownership among people aged three and over at 64.6% in urban areas versus 48.6% in rural areas.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-024ICASA reported telecommunications-sector employment declined 2.84% from 2020 to 2024.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CE-2026-029Anatel reported 5G coverage reached 68.39% under its methodology at end-2025, exceeding its earlier 57.67% target for 2027.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-030Anatel's 2025 connectivity index improved in 4,614 of 5,570 municipalities but declined in 956.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-031MIDA reported actual data-centre electrical load utilization reached 710 MW in September 2025, up from 405 MW at end-2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-032By September 2025, 49 Malaysian data centres had signed electricity-supply agreements representing 7.1 GW maximum demand, to be utilized in phases over five to ten years.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CE-2026-033Singapore's second data-centre call required proposed facilities to target PUE of 1.25 or better at full IT load and at least 50% eligible green energy pathways.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-001Around 80% of international merchandise trade by volume is carried by sea.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-002UNCTAD forecast seaborne trade volume growth of only 0.5% in 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-003UNCTAD reported long-distance rerouting drove nearly 6% growth in maritime ton-miles in 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-004Asia's share of global container-ship port calls rose from 59% in H1 2018 to 63% in H2 2024, while Europe's fell from 21% to 17%.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-005UNCTAD reported LNG bunkering availability at around 200 ports in 2024.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-006The IMO Net-Zero Framework was approved in April 2025, but the October 2025 adoption meeting was adjourned for one year; it was not yet legally adopted on the cited status page.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-007The approved draft framework applies to oceangoing ships over 5,000 gross tonnage, which IMO says account for over 85% of global shipping emissions.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-008Singapore handled a record 44.66 million TEU in 2025, 8.6% more than 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-009Singapore recorded 3.22 billion gross tonnage of vessel arrivals in 2025, up 3.5%.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-010Singapore sold 56.77 million tonnes of marine fuel in 2025, including 1.95 million tonnes of alternative marine fuels versus 1.35 million in 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-011Chinese ports handled 18.338 billion tonnes of cargo in 2025, up 4.2%.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-012Chinese ports handled 354 million TEU in 2025, up 6.8%; foreign-trade container throughput rose 9.8%.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-013China's port passenger throughput was 79.49 million in 2025, up 0.7%, with coastal volume down 0.7% and inland volume up 30.2%.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-014China had 439 coastal interprovincial container ships of at least 700 TEU at end-2025 with 1.026 million TEU capacity, 3.0% higher than end-2024.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-015The average age of China's coastal interprovincial container fleet reached 8.8 years at end-2025, and 12.1% of vessels were at least 20 years old.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-016India's major ports handled 915.17 million tonnes in FY2025-26, 7.06% more year on year and above the 904 million-tonne target.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-017India reported ₹14,953 crore of major-port-related capex including internal resources and PPP in FY2025-26, versus ₹9,708 crore a year earlier.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-018India added 94 ships and 2.567 million DWT to the Indian flag in FY2025-26, versus 45 ships and 0.772 million DWT the prior year.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-019India's ministry reported the first indigenous hydrogen fuel-cell vessel was flagged off on 11 December 2025 for commercial tourist operations on National Waterway 1.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-020Suez Canal transits fell 3.4% from 13,213 vessels in 2024 to 12,758 in 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-021Suez Canal cargo traffic increased 1.4% in 2025 even as net tonnage fell 0.5%; northbound cargo rose 20.4% while southbound cargo fell 5.4%.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-022Suez Canal traffic dropped from 26,434 vessels in 2023 to 13,213 in 2024 and dollar revenue fell 61% to $3.991 billion amid the Red Sea crisis.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-023The Panama Canal recorded 13,404 transits in FY2025, up 19.3% from 11,240 in FY2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-024Panama Canal traffic reached 489.2 million PC/UMS tonnes in FY2025, up about 15.6% from FY2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-025The Panama Canal reported B/.5.705 billion revenue and B/.4.134 billion net profit in FY2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-026In June 2026 the Panama Canal reported maintaining 38 daily transits and forecast no transit restrictions through 31 December 2026 while using preventive water-saving measures.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-027The Port of Mombasa handled a record 45.45 million tonnes in 2025, 10.0% more than 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-028Mombasa handled 2.11 million TEU in 2025, 5.5% more than 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-029Mombasa transit cargo rose 19.5% to 15.88 million tonnes in 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-030KPA states Mombasa's two container terminals currently provide 2.3 million TEU annual capacity, while planned berths 23 and 19B would raise it to 3.1 million TEU.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-031Brazilian ports moved 1.28 billion tonnes in January–November 2025, 4.97% more than the same period of 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-032Southeast Brazil's cabotage volume reached 137.4 million tonnes in 2025, up 5.91%.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-033FAO forecast global fisheries and aquaculture production at 197 million tonnes in 2025, with aquaculture at 104.2 million tonnes and capture fisheries at 92.9 million tonnes.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-034South Africa's amended 2025/26 performance plan targeted 70% completion status across 18 Operation Phakisa marine transport and manufacturing initiatives.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MBLO-2026-035Ghana Ports and Harbours Authority commissioned 15 new trucks into service at Tema Port in May 2025.Evidence A · P2
- MWITA-CP-2026-001The World Bank estimates 2.56 billion tonnes of municipal solid waste were generated in 2022.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-002What a Waste 3.0 reports collection rates as low as 31% in Sub-Saharan Africa and 67% in South Asia.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-003Most low- and middle-income countries reportedly spend below 0.15% of GDP on waste, versus an estimated 0.3–0.5% needed for universal basic collection and sound disposal in middle-income countries.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-004World Bank business-as-usual modelling puts global municipal waste at 3.86 billion tonnes in 2050, about 50% above 2022.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-005What a Waste 3.0 models 2050 waste-sector emissions at 1.84 billion tCO2e under business as usual and 0.91 billion under high ambition.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-006Safely managed sanitation coverage rose from 48% in 2015 to 58% in 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-007WHO/UNICEF estimate 3.4 billion people lacked safely managed sanitation in 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-008WHO/UNICEF estimate 354 million people practiced open defecation in 2024, 429 million fewer than in 2015.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-009Safely managed sanitation coverage was 33 percentage points lower in fragile contexts than elsewhere.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-010JMP estimates low-income countries need an 18-fold acceleration in basic-sanitation progress for universal basic access by 2030.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-011WHO estimates about 2.1 billion people cook with open fires or inefficient polluting fuels and stoves.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-012WHO estimates household air pollution caused 2.9 million premature deaths in 2021, including over 309,000 children under five.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-013WHO projects only 78% clean-cooking access by 2030 at current rates, leaving nearly 1.8 billion people without clean solutions.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-014WHO estimates 99% of people lived where its air-quality guidelines were not met in 2019.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-015WHO estimates ambient air pollution caused 4.2 million premature deaths in 2019, 89% in low- and middle-income countries.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-016Average PM2.5 across 339 Chinese cities was 28.0 µg/m³ in 2025, down 4.4% year on year.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-017China's 339-city average good/excellent-air share was 88.1% in 2025 and 89.3% after exceptional-dust adjustment.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-018December 2025 PM2.5 rose 3.5% year on year and good-air days fell 3.2 points despite annual improvement.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-019China reported reuse of more than 400 million tonnes of major renewable resources in 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-020China targeted 4.0 billion tonnes of bulk-solid-waste use and 450 million tonnes of major renewable-resource use annually by 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-021India reported 103 of 130 NCAP cities had lower PM10 in 2024-25 than in 2017-18.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-022India reported 64 NCAP cities cut PM10 over 20%, 25 cut it over 40%, and 22 met the national PM10 standard in 2024-25.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-023India reported 37.511 million tonnes recycled across four EPR streams and 33.951 million tonnes of certificates generated by 3 December 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-024India reported 71,401 producers and 4,447 recyclers registered across eight EPR streams by 3 December 2025.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-025Singapore's overall recycling rate was 52% in 2025, unchanged from 2024.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-CP-2026-026Singapore's domestic recycling rate was 11% in 2025 versus 67% non-domestic.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-027Domestic waste generation fell from 1.06 kg/person/day in 2015 to 0.83 kg in 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-028Singapore's survey found 78% of households recycled in 2025 versus 72% in 2023.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-029Indonesia's SIPSN showed 29.20 million tonnes/year generated by 278 reporting regencies/cities in 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-030Those localities reported 32.9% managed and 67.1% unmanaged waste in 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-031SIPSN separated waste reduction at 2.14% from waste handling at 30.76% in 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-032SIPSN listed 8.47 million tonnes open-dumped versus 4.32 million tonnes sent to controlled or sanitary landfill in 2025 reporting.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-033Malaysia reported a 37.9% national recycling rate for 2024 against a 40% target for 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-034Rwanda inaugurated a Nduba sorting facility with 100 tonnes/day design capacity.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-035Rwanda inaugurated a Nduba biowaste facility with 5 tonnes/day design capacity.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-036The Nduba project reported 50 current staff at inauguration.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-037Rwanda projected 15,320 tCO2e annual reduction if all Nduba facilities operate at full capacity.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-038Kenya requires covered manufacturers, importers and brand owners to manage post-consumer products, pay EPR fees and register with a producer organization.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-039The Philippines EPR Act requires obliged large enterprises to recover up to 80% of their plastic-packaging footprint.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-040SINISA 2025 reported 83.1% of Brazil's population served by a water-supply network.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-041SINISA 2025 reported 59.7% of Brazil's population served by a sewage collection network.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-042SINISA 2025 reported 49.4% of sewage generated in Brazil was treated.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-043Brazil selected R$22.1 billion of Novo PAC sanitation resources in 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-CP-2026-044WHO/UNICEF reported five million people in 15 Pacific countries and territories lacked basic drinking-water services.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-002In 2024, 45.6% of Chinese primary schools and 67.4% of secondary schools had full-time mental-health teachers, according to the national monitoring report.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-003China's monitoring report said 5.485 million items of harmful online information were handled in 2024 under child-development monitoring.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-004China officially released a cross-device mobile-internet minor mode in May 2025 with time windows, duration controls, break reminders, app management and usage statistics.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-010TIC Kids Online Brasil 2025 found that 10% of internet users aged 9–17 reported using generative AI to discuss personal problems or emotions.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-013TIC Kids Online Brasil 2025 found that 53% of internet users aged 11–17 reported seeing online videos promoting betting games; the share was 63% among ages 15–17.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-015A 2023 baseline published by UNICEF Indonesia in 2025 found 48% of 510 interviewed children aged 8–18 in three provinces reported teasing by other children.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-016More than 70% of the 52 children with disabilities in UNICEF Indonesia's three-province baseline reported no online-safety training.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-019In a factorial cluster-randomized study of 614 Tanzanian caregivers, WhatsApp support increased completed ParentApp modules 1.29-fold.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-020A five-week randomized trial with 978 Hong Kong parents found a self-guided academic parenting program increased self-reported mindful parenting by d=0.18 at post-test.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-021In a 2024 Abu Dhabi survey published in 2026, 28% of 1,115 parents of children under three reported fixed digital-media rules.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-022UNICEF's 10-country household-survey snapshot found roughly one in ten internet-using children sought AI advice on personal matters in some participating countries.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-023UNICEF's 2025 reanalysis found direct associations between screen time and emotional wellbeing, anxiety, self-harm or suicidal thoughts were generally weak and significant in few countries after considering harmful experiences.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-024Across 21 countries in UNICEF's analysis, online sexual abuse and online bullying showed consistent moderate-to-strong associations with anxiety, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and self-harm.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-025Australia's eSafety Commissioner found 96% social-media use and 55% reporting at least one potentially risk-increasing behavior among 3,454 surveyed children aged 10–17 before the country's later age restriction.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-030Among Japanese caregivers whose 10–17-year-old used a smartphone for internet access, 54.3% reported joining filtering at contract or contract-change in FY2025; the corresponding figure for caregivers of smartphone-using children aged 0–9 was 28.0%.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-034China's market regulator reported 351 children's-product recalls covering 1.463 million units in 2025, 17.8% of all recalled consumer-product units.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-035Brazil's Digital Statute for Children and Adolescents, Law 15,211/2025, entered into force in March 2026 and imposes child-risk prevention and mitigation duties including parental supervision, age assurance, games and commercial advertising provisions.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-036Meta began phased rollout of Instagram Teen Accounts in India in February 2025 with private defaults, strict messaging and sensitive-content settings, 60-minute reminders and overnight sleep mode; under-16s need parental approval to weaken settings.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-YF-2026-037Meta reported that in May 2025 users decided not to forward suspected nude images about 45% of the time after seeing its warning.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-DA-2026-002Brazil's Law 15.249/2025 directs public health services to implement low-technology AAC systems and permanently train teams serving people with complex communication needs.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-DA-2026-004India's 2025 AT Rules classify assistive technology as essential, specialised or emerging, explicitly placing AI communication devices, robotics and brain-computer interfaces in the emerging category.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-001China's 2025 policy targets a basically complete eldercare service network by 2029 and a mature system with basic services for all older people by 2035.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-002China's policy prioritizes home-based care supported by community services and professional institutions, with disabled older people emphasized in basic service provision.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-003China's policy calls for R&D and application of humanoid robots, brain-computer interfaces and AI in elderly care plus a unified national service-information platform.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-004China launched a 2025–2027 pilot for intelligent eldercare robots across homes, communities and institutions.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-005The robot pilot explicitly targets iterative validation of safety, reliability, usability and service capability in disability, dementia, companionship, health and daily-living scenarios.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-006China's action plan aims for regular placement of qualified hospital nurses in more than 90% of community health centers and township health centers by end-2027.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-007China's plan calls for expanded internet-enabled nursing and home visits for disabled, cognitively impaired, very old and mobility-limited patients, while encouraging AI applications.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-008China reported more than 320 million people aged 60 or older at end-2025, representing 23% of the population.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-009China's 2026 guideline targets mutual-aid-capable eldercare facilities in at least 70% of urban and rural communities by 2030.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-010India's health ministry reported 52,916,039 geriatric outpatient visits from April through December 2024 under NPHCE, versus 49,851,155 in full FY2023–24.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-011A Korean participatory-design study surveyed 413 people and then piloted an intergenerational communication app for two weeks with 20 older and 19 younger adults; older respondents reported higher intended use than younger respondents.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-012Brazil's Law 15.069/2024 establishes care—including receiving care, providing care and self-care—as a right and a shared responsibility of the state, families, private sector and civil society.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-013Brazil's care law prioritizes older people needing help with daily activities plus paid and unpaid care workers.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-014Brazil's care law requires improved statistical and administrative data to recognize and measure the economic and social value of unpaid care work.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-015Brazil's national plan frames decent work, social protection, collective rights, training and anti-precarization measures for paid domestic and care workers as implementation axes.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-016Japan's 2025 statistical handbook reports that people aged 65+ comprised 28.6% of the population in 2020.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-017Japan's long-term care costs totaled 11.4 trillion yen in fiscal 2022.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-018Japan counted 2,126,227 long-term care workers on 1 October 2024, only 487 more than a year earlier.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-019Japan's ministry lists pay improvement, training, ICT-enabled productivity, occupation promotion and foreign-worker support as parallel workforce measures.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-020An ILO model projects Thailand may need up to 250,000 additional paid home-care workers by 2037 if care gaps are closed under legal and decent-work conditions.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-021The ILO scenario includes about 55,000 migrant workers within the potential additional Thai home-care workforce requirement.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-022In a six-week Bangkok RCT with 39 participants per arm, a bundled digital home-monitoring program produced higher post-program WHOQOL-BREF scores than standard care (p<.001).Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-023The Bangkok trial authors explicitly noted access challenges for older adults unable to use digital platforms.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-024A six-month cluster RCT across eight Hong Kong centers randomized 565 informal caregivers to structured assessment, personalized planning and monitoring or usual procedures.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-025Compared with usual procedures, Hong Kong's caregiver support model reduced caregiver needs, especially role conflict, and increased resources such as health awareness, with larger changes at six months.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-026A Taiwan study assigned 60 dementia-care dyads nonrandomly to usual care or smart clothing plus home sensors, app transmission, nurse feedback and individualized plans for six months.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-027Taiwan intervention caregivers had higher caregiving balance at 2, 4 and 6 months and higher preparedness at 4 and 6 months than controls.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-028The Taiwan researchers reported some homes were incompatible with required sensors and some caregivers were uncomfortable with 24-hour monitoring.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-029A 10-week single-blind block-randomized trial enrolled 64 healthy older adults for home cognitive training five days per week.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-030The Chinese trial reported improvements in overall cognition, visuospatial function, memory and attention plus fALFF changes after digital training.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-031An Australian open-label RCT analyzed 130 older home-care participants randomized to usual care or usual care plus smart-home activity monitoring for 12 months.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-032The smart-home group had a small higher ASCOT score at six months (mean difference 0.045, 95% CI 0.001–0.089), but the difference was not significant at 12 months.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-033The Australian RCT found no significant between-group differences in EQ-5D-5L, basic or instrumental daily activities, or depressive symptoms at six or 12 months.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-034WHO's GAPS framework includes households, individuals, caregivers and older people in long-term-care facilities, addressing a common institutional-coverage gap.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-035WHO describes a GAPS Core AI extension for real-time monitoring, predictive trajectories and risk identification, with offline tablets and localization support.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-036Peru reported 22 older-adult day centers serving 812 people across ten departments from 8 September 2025, within a program serving 1,225 people across day, night and residential centers.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-037Statistics Korea reported that 76.9% of older people used the internet in 2024 while people aged 65+ comprised 20.3% of the 2025 population.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-038Indonesia's 2025 intercensal survey estimated people aged 60+ at 11.97% of the population from a 664,640-household national sample.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-039Kenya's FY2024/25 provisional series listed 1,252,428 Older Persons Cash Transfer beneficiaries and KSh30.058 billion allocated, with KSh15.029 billion disbursed at reporting time.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AC-2026-040Stats SA estimated 6.6 million people aged 60+ in 2025 (10.5% of the population) and reported grants as the primary income source for 60.1% of older-person-headed households in 2024.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-001UN inter-agency estimates place global maternal deaths in 2023 at about 260,000, or more than 700 per day.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-002The same 2023 estimate attributes about 92% of maternal deaths to low- and lower-middle-income countries.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-003Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia together accounted for an estimated 87% of global maternal deaths in 2023, about 225,000 deaths.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-004The modeled global maternal mortality ratio fell by about 40% between 2000 and 2023.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-005Brazil's 2025 annual management report gives a preliminary maternal mortality ratio of 47.86 per 100,000 live births for 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-006Brazil's preliminary 2025 report shows regional maternal mortality ratios ranging from 36.75 in the South to 65.18 in the North per 100,000 live births.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-007The Brazilian report's 2025 maternal mortality calculation uses 1,169 maternal deaths and 2,442,647 live births, both marked as preliminary inputs.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-008A 2025 Brazilian Ministry of Health technical note reports that the maternal mortality ratio declined only 6.7% over the ten years ending in 2023, despite 2023 being the lowest value in its displayed series.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-009WHO recommends HPV self-sampling as an additional option to improve screening coverage where HPV testing is already part of the national programme.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-010WHO's 2026 guideline offers no-, limited- and extended-genotyping strategies for HPV DNA-positive women rather than prescribing one universal genotyping configuration.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-011WHO states that genotyping choices should account for health-system capacity, ability to follow up women and access to treatment.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-012India's NP-NCD portal recorded 8.73 crore cervical-cancer screenings by February 2026.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-013The same Indian release reports 93,062 cervical-cancer cases diagnosed on the NP-NCD portal by February 2026.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-014India launched a nationwide government-facility campaign in February 2026 targeting roughly 1.15 crore 14-year-old girls annually with quadrivalent HPV vaccine.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-015In March 2025 the FDA authorized the first over-the-counter test performed entirely at home for chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis, with results in about 30 minutes.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-016FDA-reported study performance for the authorized home test included 97.2% positive and 98.8% negative agreement for chlamydia.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-017FDA-reported study performance for the same test included 100% positive and 99.1% negative agreement for gonorrhoea, and 97.8% positive and 98.5% negative agreement for trichomoniasis.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-018FDA 510(k) K250561 cleared a Natural Cycles software change as substantially equivalent for fertility and contraceptive use with basal-temperature input from a thermometer or compatible wearable.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-019The K250561 labeling states that the contraceptive software may not be appropriate when pregnancy would pose a significant risk to the user or fetus.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-020In a 40-facility Kenyan cluster RCT, 85% of invited participants in intervention facilities reported taking up the PROMPTS SMS and helpdesk platform.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-021The Kenyan PROMPTS trial found small positive intention-to-treat effects on standardized indices for knowledge, birth preparedness, routine care seeking, newborn care and postpartum care content, ranging from 0.06 to 0.09 standard deviations.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-022The PROMPTS trial did not find a statistically significant effect on its danger-sign care-seeking index and was not powered to detect health outcomes.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-023A six-month Kannada multimedia campaign in a 160-person randomized study increased maternal-health knowledge relative to control (p<0.001).Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-024The Karnataka study reported higher odds of at least four antenatal visits (OR 3.66), institutional delivery (OR 2.78) and timely postnatal care (OR 2.78) after the multimedia intervention.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-025In the E-MOTIVE cluster RCT across 80 secondary hospitals, severe postpartum haemorrhage, laparotomy for bleeding or maternal death occurred in 1.6% of the intervention group versus 4.3% under usual care (risk ratio 0.40, 95% CI 0.32–0.50).Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-026E-MOTIVE increased postpartum-haemorrhage detection to 93.1% versus 51.1% with usual care.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-027E-MOTIVE increased use of the treatment bundle to 91.2% versus 19.4% under usual care.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-028A 54-patient South African feasibility RCT found the composite of blood loss over 1,000 mL, laparotomy or death in 30% with suction-tube tamponade versus 52% with balloon tamponade, but the difference was not statistically significant (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.30–1.05; p=0.07).Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-029WHO, FIGO and ICM issued consolidated postpartum-haemorrhage guidance in October 2025 containing 51 recommendations across prevention, diagnosis, treatment and supportive care.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-030WHO's February 2026 implementation guide separates exploration, preparation and active implementation, including national guideline adaptation, commodity planning, workforce capacity and monitoring.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-031A 24-hospital cluster RCT in four Indian states enrolled 21,937 participants and found significant improvements in 7 of 11 measured neonatal and maternal care practices after a postpartum family messaging service.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-032The Indian trial estimated increases of 3.1 percentage points in breastfeeding, 4.1 points in recommended cord care and 9.2 points in mother-infant skin-to-skin care.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-033In a 316-person Yaounde randomized trial, 20.1% of the WhatsApp-video group versus 7.0% of control completed at least eight antenatal contacts (adjusted RR 2.65, 95% CI 1.34–4.79).Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-034The Yaounde trial reported lower pregnancy-related anxiety in the WhatsApp-video group (adjusted RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.34–0.78) and a 0.34-point adjusted improvement in pregnancy knowledge.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-035The Yaounde trial found no statistically significant differences in completed malaria prophylaxis doses, mosquito-net use, malaria incidence or satisfaction with antenatal care.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-036WHO issued its first global guideline covering prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infertility in November 2025, intended for adaptation into national clinical guidance.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-037China's official women's-development monitoring report gives a 2023 maternal mortality ratio of 15.1 per 100,000 overall, 17.0 in rural areas and 12.5 in urban areas.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-038China's official 2023 monitoring reports 94.5% pregnancy-system management, 91.3% prenatal screening, 99.9% hospital delivery and 97.0% postpartum visits.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-039In a six-facility Kenyan randomized trial, neonatal mortality was 18.8 per 1,000 in the interactive-text arm and 15.2 per 1,000 with standard care (risk ratio 1.25, 95% CI 0.81–1.91; p=0.31), providing no evidence of a mortality reduction.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-WH-2026-040The Kenyan mortality trial's timing analysis indicates that many neonatal deaths occurred before discharge, limiting the exposure window for the postpartum messaging component.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-SST-2026-006CNSA describes asteroid sampling and Earth return, followed by exploration of comet 311P, as mission objectives rather than completed outcomes.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-SST-2026-009The official mission plan describes a six-year development phase, launch, seven asteroid flybys and a final landing on Justitia; these are scheduled objectives, not observed outcomes.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-SST-2026-012The award notice targeted governmental services by 2030; it documented a future service goal rather than present secure-connectivity availability.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-QE-2026-016The IAEA high case places 2050 nuclear capacity at roughly 2.6 times the 2024 level.Evidence ungraded · P1
- MWITA-SE-2026-015The UAE mission's launch, asteroid encounters and 2034 landing remained prospective after design review.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-SE-2026-028ESA concluded modeled debris growth continues even without new launches because fragmentation exceeds natural re-entry.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-SE-2026-037IRIS² governmental services and constellation capabilities remained planned rather than operational at award.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-001Singapore's food regulator reported pre-market approvals since 2020 spanning cultivated products from Eat Just and Vow, the precision-fermented Solein ingredient and 16 insect species.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-002Singapore subjects novel foods to pre-market safety assessment before approval.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-003Singapore reported completed collaborative research on new-approach toxicology methods for assessing novel alternative proteins.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-004Singapore's March 2026 register lists approved foods made through multiple technology routes, including cultivated biomass and ingredients produced by precision fermentation.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-005Singapore's authorization register identifies the producing organism and product form for precision-fermentation ingredients, making approvals narrower than a platform-wide licence.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-006Australia and New Zealand gazetted permission for cell-cultured quail as food on 18 June 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-007FSANZ assessed the cultured-quail cell line as genetically stable and concluded that toxicological, nutritional, allergenic and manageable microbiological issues did not preclude the proposed use.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-008The Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code now requires applicable products to use the term 'cell-cultured' or 'cell-cultivated' on labels.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-009The UK FSA launched a two-year regulatory sandbox for animal cell-cultivated products in March 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-010The UK sandbox is designed to gather production and safety evidence so regulators can assess future applications more efficiently.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-011UK guidance issued in December 2025 classifies animal-cell-cultivated foods as products of animal origin for hygiene-law purposes.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-012The first UK sandbox guidance addresses allergenicity assessment and nutritional-quality evidence for cell-cultivated products.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-013UK regulators scheduled further cell-cultivated-product guidance during 2026.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-014The UK's Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Regulations 2025 came into force on 13 November 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-015A UK precision-bred food applicant must first obtain Defra status and a marketing notice before applying to FSA for food or feed marketing authorization.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-016China's NHC and MIIT jointly solicited food-biomanufacturing application directions and cases in August 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-017The Chinese call explicitly covers synthetic biology, fermentation engineering and enzyme engineering across food ingredients, additives, food-contact products and processing.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-018Shanghai's 2026–2030 food-technology plan targets an industrial output value above RMB 150 billion by 2030.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-019Shanghai targets 8–10 leading niche food-tech firms and one or two synthetic-biology food-company listings by 2030.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-020Beijing Pinggu's 2025–2027 action plan positions alternative proteins as an integrated technology-to-application industrial ecosystem.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-021FAO's 2025 precision-fermentation report maps production stages, potential food-safety hazards, preventive controls and regulatory approaches across jurisdictions.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-022FAO frames the precision-fermentation publication as a reference for national food-safety authorities.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-023FAO's 2025 global-dialogue report documents an October 2024 stakeholder roundtable on cell-based food and precision-fermentation safety.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-024EFSA concluded in 2025 that Rhizomucor pusillus biomass powder was safe under the proposed conditions of use.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-025EFSA's panel found no genotoxicity concern and no toxicologically relevant effect at the highest dose in the submitted 90-day study for the fungal biomass.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-026EFSA assessed the likelihood of allergic reactions to the Rhizomucor biomass novel food as low.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-027FDA's GRAS inventory distinguishes notices receiving 'no questions' letters from notices whose evaluation ceased at the notifier's request.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-028An FDA 'no questions' GRAS response addresses a notifier's conclusion for specified uses rather than granting general pre-market approval to a technology platform.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-029A 2025 primary study established a non-adherent insect cell line and tested it in 2.4-litre and 10-litre bioreactors for cultivated-meat research.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-030The insect cell line reached a peak density of about two million cells per millilitre in the 10-litre bioreactor, with slower-than-expected growth.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-031The insect-cell study reported viability above 80 percent during three passages in the 2.4-litre bioreactor.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-032A 2025 lamb-muscle-cell study found one serum-free medium outperformed fetal-bovine-serum medium on cell density and modeled cost per million cells in two-dimensional culture.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-033In three-dimensional microcarrier culture, the same serum-free formulations cost 4.5 to 5.6 times more per million cells than the fetal-bovine-serum comparator.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-034The lamb-cell results show that media performance observed in two-dimensional culture did not transfer directly to production-relevant three-dimensional culture.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-035GFI's 2025 review found only four published techno-economic models focused on precision-fermented food proteins.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-036Published precision-fermentation protein models reviewed by GFI spanned roughly four orders of magnitude in modeled cost of production.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-037The GFI review warns that enzyme models omitting downstream concentration and purification do not represent complete precision-fermented food-protein costs.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-038GFI's cultivated-meat review states that published techno-economic models largely represent hypothetical scaled processes rather than observed commercial plants.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-039The review concludes that the most economically viable cultivated-meat manufacturing method for a given product is not yet known.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-040The review identifies static stoichiometry, homogeneous mixing and fixed feeding or growth assumptions as limits on existing cultivated-meat models.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-041Solar Foods reported that Factory 01 reached its design capacity of 160 tonnes of Solein per year during 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-042Solar Foods reported multiple Solein-based consumer-product launches in Singapore during 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-FF-2026-043Solar Foods reported four LOIs or MOUs covering 6.5–7.65 kilotonnes of prospective annual volume, alongside a planned 6.4-kilotonne Factory 02.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-002China produced 90,116 industrial robots in December 2025, 14.7% above the same month a year earlier.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-003China's official series reported 18,581,081 service robots produced in 2025, up 16.1% year on year.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-005Asia accounted for 74% of global industrial-robot installations in 2024, versus 16% for Europe and 9% for the Americas.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-006China installed 295,000 industrial robots in 2024, representing 54% of the global total, while domestic suppliers reached 57% of China's market.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-007India installed a record 9,120 industrial robots in 2024, 7% more than in 2023, ranking sixth globally.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-008Automotive applications accounted for 4,070 of India's industrial-robot installations in 2024, 45% of the national total.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-009India's operational industrial-robot stock reached 52,570 units in 2024, far below the roughly 300,000-to-two-million range in the five most automated countries cited by IFR.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-010Japan's robot-industry orders reached JPY 1.0456 trillion in 2025, 25.7% above 2024.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-011Japan's robot production value was JPY 945.3 billion in 2025, 21.0% above 2024.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-012The Japan Robot Association's 2025 statistics exclude service robots and combine member data with a survey estimate for non-members.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-013Japan's METI established the RING Project in June 2025 to coordinate regional support for companies introducing robots.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-014METI identified lack of specialist knowledge, implementation experience and robot-ready workplace environments as barriers to robot adoption, particularly for SMEs.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-015METI and NEDO selected seven R&D themes in 2025 for open robot-software and platform development across two projects running through 2027 or 2029.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-016Japan's open-robotics projects explicitly target common software functions and development environments to reduce duplicated development effort.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-017South Korea's 2025 industrial-AI R&D plan covered 445 projects with KRW 478.7 billion, including 31 intelligent-robotics projects with KRW 29.6 billion.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-018South Korea's 2025 industrial-AI portfolio included 148 new projects and 297 continuing projects.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-019South Korea opened a 2025 call for shared AI infrastructure spanning autonomous laboratories, humanoids and autonomous manufacturing, with support of up to KRW 10 billion per project over five years.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-020China's MIIT reported work on humanoid-robot product-quality, network-and-data-security, and ethical-risk testing at the end of 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-021MIIT described development of an embodied-intelligence open-source community and a comprehensive standardization system as policy priorities.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-022A Chinese government portal reported 130 welding robots operating at FAW Jiefang's Qingdao production site in 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-023The same Chinese government portal reported more than ten Keenon medical-service robots operating in a Shanghai hospital.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-024Google DeepMind introduced Gemini Robotics, a vision-language-action model, and Gemini Robotics-ER, a spatial-reasoning model, in March 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-025DeepMind reported that Gemini Robotics more than doubled average performance over other state-of-the-art VLA models on its generalization benchmark.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-026DeepMind released the ASIMOV dataset to evaluate semantic safety of robot actions while retaining embodiment-specific low-level safety controllers.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-027NVIDIA released the 2-billion-parameter GR00T N1 model and sample training code for generalist humanoid development in March 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-028NVIDIA reported a 76.8% average success rate for GR00T N1 across its real-world task evaluation with the full training-data mix.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-029NVIDIA reported that adding 750,000 synthetic trajectories to real data improved GR00T N1 performance by 40% relative to its real-data-only condition.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-030Physical Intelligence evaluated pi0.5 on long-horizon manipulation across multiple robot embodiments and both laboratory and previously unseen household environments.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-031The pi0.5 study combines heterogeneous robot data with web-scale vision-language pretraining to test open-world generalization.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-032At BMW Spartanburg, Figure 02 operated for about 1,250 hours over ten months in 2025 on sheet-metal handling for welding.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-033BMW reported that Figure 02 moved more than 90,000 components and supported production of more than 30,000 BMW X3 vehicles during the 2025 pilot.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-034BMW said early involvement of production IT, occupational safety, process management and shop-floor logistics was essential during the Figure 02 test phases.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-035BMW did not publish a counterfactual productivity estimate, injury-rate comparison, defect-rate comparison or total-cost result for its Figure 02 pilot.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-036ISO published the third edition of ISO 10218-1, covering safety requirements for industrial-robot manufacturers, in February 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-037ISO 10218-1:2025 excludes service, consumer and medical robots and public-access applications from its scope.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-038Amazon introduced Blue Jay as a multi-arm warehouse system in October 2025 but updated the announcement in February 2026 to say it was no longer used in operations.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-039Amazon's Blue Jay reversal shows that an announced operational test should not be treated as durable deployment.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-040LIBERO-Plus evaluates VLA robustness under controlled changes in object layout, camera viewpoint, robot initial state, language, lighting, background texture and sensor noise.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-041LIBERO-Plus reports that high aggregate VLA benchmark scores can coexist with material failures under realistic visual, language and sensor variation.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-042IFR's 2025 supplier sample recorded almost 200,000 professional service robots sold in 2024, including 102,900 transportation-and-logistics robots.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-043IFR explicitly warns that its 2025 service-robot figures come from 294 suppliers, are not projected to the whole industry, and should not be compared across editions because sample composition changes.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-044UBTECH's 2025 interim report said it signed a small-batch purchase contract for industrial humanoid robots, moving the relationship beyond a field trial.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-ER-2026-045UBTECH reported participation in drafting Chinese technical requirements for humanoid operational tasks, positioning/navigation and human-computer interaction.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-001India reported establishing a national network of six biofoundries under the BioE3 policy by December 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-002India reported establishing 15 shared biomanufacturing hubs for pilot and pre-commercial scale work under BioE3.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-003India's BioE3 implementation covers six verticals: bio-based chemicals and enzymes, smart proteins, precision biotherapeutics, climate-resilient agriculture, carbon capture and utilization, and marine and space research.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-004The Indian government reported more than 5,000 participants in its BioE3 biomanufacturing webinar series.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-005By July 2026, India had issued 11 BioE3 proposal calls and recommended more than 270 projects for funding across discovery and scale-up categories.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-006India reported receiving more than 450 proposals for shared biofoundry and biomanufacturing-hub infrastructure, with 17 facilities supported under the first call.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-007India received 284 letters of intent for Bio-AI hubs and recommended 15 hubs for support by July 2026.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-008India established a BioE3 Strain Resource Centre to provide indigenous microbial strains with stated freedom-to-operate for commercial use.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-009Singapore's A*STAR fermentation joint lab operates two food-grade 100-litre bioreactors and a 15-litre-per-hour spray dryer.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-010The A*STAR joint lab states that processes can transfer from its 100-litre capability to ScaleUp Bio's 10,000-litre fermentation capacity in Tuas.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-011The Singapore facility integrates fermentation with downstream operations including spray drying, cross-flow filtration and analytical testing.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-013Singapore's novel-food definition includes substances produced from microbial cell culture and foods made by a process without significant prior food use for at least 20 years.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-014Singapore can cancel a novel-food pre-market approval after material manufacturing changes, non-compliance, misrepresentation or a public-interest determination.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-015Singapore's Food Agency committed SGD 42 million in 2025 to future-food and food-safety research.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-016Singapore awarded additional funding to the Centre for Precision Fermentation and Sustainability to translate research toward market-ready solutions.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-017Shanghai's 2023–2025 synthetic-biology action plan explicitly targeted fermentation process scaling and optimization as a common industrial technology.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-018Shanghai's plan called for demonstration and adoption of bio-based, recyclable and reusable high-performance materials alongside work on carbon-footprint and market mechanisms.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-019Japan's METI reported approximately JPY 450 billion in support for R&D and demonstrations through its biomanufacturing-revolution and Green Innovation Fund programs.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-020METI identified separation, purification and processing as parts of the biomanufacturing value chain in which Japanese manufacturing capabilities may be relevant.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-021METI described the biomanufacturing market as immature despite public support and technical strengths.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-022Brazil's G20 bioeconomy report identified bioindustry and industrial biomanufacturing as elements of its bioeconomy agenda.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-023Brazil's official report identified dependence on imported or external critical technologies, including enzymes for bioindustrial use, as a gap.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-024Brazil's official report also identified gaps in biotechnology infrastructure, process intensification and workforce training.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-025CBE JU signed grant agreements in 2025 with 30 bio-based projects involving 416 beneficiaries across 33 countries and EUR 197.5 million of funding.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-026Two CBE JU flagship actions received nearly EUR 40 million to build first-of-a-kind industrial biorefineries.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-027Fifteen CBE JU innovation actions received EUR 109.5 million to scale prototype bio-based solutions.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-028CBE JU received 248 proposals requesting more than EUR 1.4 billion in its 2025 call and selected 24 proposals for EUR 172 million.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-029The 24 selected CBE JU projects comprised four flagship innovation actions, eleven innovation actions, eight research-and-innovation actions and one coordination action.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-030At selection announcement, CBE JU's 2025-call projects were still awaiting grant-agreement signature expected by mid-May 2026.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-031FDA's recently published GRAS inventory records a no-questions letter for zeaxanthin produced by fermentation with Yarrowia lipolytica CGMCC 39021.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-032FDA's inventory records a no-questions letter for mycelial biomass of Fusarium compactum CGMCC 41312 used as fungal protein.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-035Solar Foods reported Factory 01 process productivity of 1 gram per litre per hour and an O2-to-CO2 energy-efficiency value of 2.7.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-036Solar Foods reported four non-binding letters or memoranda covering 6.5–7.65 kilotonnes of potential annual Solein volume.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-037Solar Foods selected a site for Factory 02 and continued pre-engineering in 2025, while the final investment decision remained future work.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-038A 2025 industrial-fermentation techno-economic study modelled scenarios delivering 80,000 kilograms of pure formate dehydrogenase per year.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-039In the study's empirical low-density scenario, 1-litre fermentation produced 4.2 grams per litre biomass with target protein at 0.1% of cell mass, yielding an estimated levelized pure-protein cost near USD 99,000 per kilogram.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-040The same study found that large-scale handling of low-density biomass and downstream purification could overwhelm expected economies of scale.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-041A 2025 original study engineered an industrially relevant yeast pathway to produce the biodegradable-plastic monomer L-lactate from methanol.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-042The methanol-to-L-lactate study concluded that its pathway was not yet competitive with established sugar-based and lignocellulosic processes under the compared conditions.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-043The EU's 2025 Horizon work programme called for improving existing pilot plants and testing precision-fermentation business models before commercialization.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-044The Horizon programme required scale-up feasibility analysis to be incorporated from early design stages for targeted precision-fermentation biotechnologies.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BMF-2026-045The US Department of Energy's 2026 biotechnology initiative explicitly spans discovery through biomanufacturing scale-up for energy, materials, critical minerals, health, agriculture and biosecurity applications.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-001Intel's Hala Point research system packages 1,152 Loihi 2 processors and supports up to 1.15 billion neurons and 128 billion synapses.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-002Intel reported Hala Point characterization of up to 20 peta-operations per second for conventional deep neural networks.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-003Intel reported efficiency above 15 TOPS/W on a sparse, low-activity multilayer-perceptron characterization of Hala Point.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-004Hala Point was delivered to Sandia National Laboratories as a research system, not released as a commercial general-purpose accelerator.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-005IBM's NorthPole research chip eliminates off-chip memory for inference by interweaving compute and memory on-chip.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-006On ResNet-50, NorthPole achieved 25 times the frames-per-second per watt of a GPU fabricated on a comparable 12-nm process in IBM's study.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-007On the same ResNet-50 comparison, IBM reported NorthPole at 22 times lower latency and five times higher frames per second per transistor than the matched-process GPU.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-008Tsinghua researchers demonstrated Tianjic as a many-core chip able to run both conventional artificial neural networks and brain-inspired spiking models.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-009The Tianjic study integrated multiple neural networks on one chip to control an unmanned bicycle in a research demonstration.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-010The Tianjic chip used a 28-nm process and contained 156 reconfigurable functional cores.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-011Darwin3 implements a neuromorphic instruction-set architecture with ten primary instructions plus extensions for programmable neuron models and local learning rules.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-012Darwin3 supports up to 2.35 million neurons on a 24-by-24 mesh of computing nodes.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-013Darwin3 experiments reported code-density improvement up to 28.3 times and effective fan-in and fan-out improvements up to 4,096 and 3,072 times relative to physical memory depth.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-014Darwin3 reported 6.8-to-200.8-times memory savings when mapping selected convolutional spiking neural networks.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-015A Taiwan-led 2025 Nature study fabricated an edge processor combining memristor-CIM, SRAM-CIM and small digital units with integer and floating-point computation.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-016The heterogeneous CIM processor measured 40.91 TFLOPS/W on ResNet-20 with CIFAR-100 and 28.63 TFLOPS/W on MobileNet-v2 with ImageNet.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-017The 2025 heterogeneous CIM study reported less than 0.45% accuracy degradation on its tested ResNet-20 and MobileNet-v2 tasks and a 373.52-microsecond wake-to-response time.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-018KAIST researchers demonstrated a selector-less 32-by-32 memristor crossbar system performing self-supervised video foreground-background separation with on-device self-calibration.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-019KAIST reported that self-calibration brought real-time image-processing accuracy close to ideal computer simulation despite memristor non-idealities.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-020Renesas launched the RZ/V2H MPU with a DRP-AI3 accelerator rated by the vendor at up to 10 TOPS/W and 80 sparse TOPS.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-021RZ/V2H integrates four Cortex-A55 application cores, two Cortex-R8 real-time cores, one Cortex-M33 core and the AI accelerator on one MPU.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-022Renesas states RZ/V2H can run its target vision-AI workloads without a cooling fan.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-023Sony's IMX500 combines a CMOS image sensor, image processing and AI processing on one stacked sensor device.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-024IMX500 can output processed metadata without requiring raw image data to leave the chip.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-025Sony specifies IMX500 AI processing and metadata output at up to 30 frames per second, TensorFlow Lite support and a maximum AI input tensor of 640 by 480 pixels.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-026MediaTek launched Dimensity 9400 in October 2024 with an NPU and a developer framework for on-device agentic AI.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-027MediaTek claims Dimensity 9400 supports on-device LoRA training and on-device video generation.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-028MediaTek reports the Dimensity 9400 NPU uses 35% less power than the Dimensity 9300 NPU under its internal tests.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-029Google designed Gemma 3n for phones, laptops and tablets with text, image, video and audio input support.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-030Google states Gemma 3n E2B can reduce its effective loaded parameter set from more than five billion to 1.91 billion through PLE caching and parameter skipping.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-031Gemma 3n documentation says training covered more than 140 languages and provides a 32K-token context window.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-032Apple described its 2024 on-device foundation model as approximately three billion parameters and optimized for Apple silicon.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-033Apple reported mixed 2-bit and 4-bit palletization averaging 3.7 bits per weight achieved the same accuracy as its uncompressed on-device model in internal evaluation.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-034Apple measured about 30 generated tokens per second and roughly 0.6 milliseconds per prompt token to first token on an iPhone 15 Pro before speculative decoding.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-035MLPerf Tiny fixes models, datasets and minimum accuracy targets while measuring latency and energy per inference for constrained systems.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-036MLPerf Tiny v1.3 added a streaming workload because prior energy tests did not accurately represent duty-cycled always-on deployments.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-037SynSense's Speck integrates a dynamic vision sensor and spiking-neural-network processor on one chip and activates computation on detected visual changes.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-038SynSense specifies Speck 2f at about one milliwatt and its development platform at 320,000 neurons with support for convolutional networks up to nine layers.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-039Google introduced Coral NPU in October 2025 as an open, RISC-V-based reference architecture and software stack for low-power edge AI.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-EN-2026-040Google says the Coral NPU base design targets roughly 512 GOPS at a few milliwatts, while noting its matrix execution unit was still under development at announcement.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-007A 2025 Chinese biological-age study developed models in 83,571 Kailuan participants and validated them in a separate 21,229-person cohort.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-008The Kailuan study recorded 12,679 deaths over 1,443,857 person-years across its two prospective cohorts.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-009Baseline Pheno-Age achieved mortality AUCs of 0.810 in Kailuan I and 0.867 in Kailuan II, while KDM-Age achieved 0.806 and 0.819.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-010Each standard-deviation increase in baseline Pheno-Age acceleration was associated with a 1.24 adjusted mortality hazard ratio, and KDM-Age acceleration with 1.16.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-011China's TALENTs trial randomized 121 adults aged 60–70 to 1.2 grams per day of nucleotides or placebo for 19 weeks.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-012TALENTs reported a 3.08-year greater reduction in median DNA-methylation age versus placebo at 19 weeks.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-013TALENTs found no significant between-group change in leukocyte telomere length at either 11 or 19 weeks.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-014TALENTs reported improved HOMA-IR but no severe adverse events during the 19-week study.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-025The ABIOS study is a single-centre, cross-sectional observational study of community-dwelling Chinese, Malay and Indian adults in Singapore.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-026ABIOS collects molecular, physiological and digital ageing measures, including methylation, proteomics, body composition, arterial stiffness, cognition, physical performance, activity and facial morphology.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-027ABIOS explicitly notes that direct comparison with Caucasian populations is outside its current protocol.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-030A Japanese validation study linked the older-adult questionnaire with health-insurance claims and annual-checkup data to develop a functional-disability risk score.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-032FDA evaluated the Lumipulse plasma ratio in 499 cognitively impaired adults against amyloid PET or cerebrospinal-fluid results.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-033In FDA's reviewed study, 91.7% of positive results had amyloid pathology and 97.3% of negative results lacked it, while fewer than 20% of results were indeterminate.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-034FDA warns that false Lumipulse results can cause inappropriate diagnosis or treatment, distress, unnecessary testing or delayed effective treatment.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-035NCI's Vanguard pilot plans to enroll up to 24,000 cancer-free adults aged 45–75 to study two multi-cancer blood tests.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-036Vanguard randomly assigns participants to one of two multi-cancer detection tests or a no-test group while encouraging standard screening in all groups.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-037NCI states that multi-cancer detection tests can return false positives and false negatives and require further testing after a positive result.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-040A 2025 post-hoc DO-HEALTH analysis evaluated four DNA-methylation ageing measures in 777 older adults over three years.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-041DO-HEALTH reported omega-3 effects on three methylation clocks and additive effects of omega-3, vitamin D and exercise on PhenoAge, but the analysis did not demonstrate extended survival.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-042The PBAR pilot randomized 120 healthy older adults to supplement combinations or placebo and used an NT-proBNP-derived biological-age surrogate as its primary outcome.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-043PBAR stopped its resveratrol-plus-TA-65 arm at month five after a significant LDL-cholesterol increase, while the remaining active and placebo groups had non-significant primary and secondary differences.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-044FDA states that many direct-to-consumer tests offered for non-medical general wellness or low-risk medical purposes are not reviewed before sale.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-LD-2026-045FDA cautions that a positive direct-to-consumer genetic health-risk result does not mean the person will develop the disease or condition.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AM-2026-037Serve Robotics reported 2,000 deployed sidewalk delivery robots across 20 US cities at year-end 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AM-2026-038Serve's 2025 filing reported $2.651 million revenue and $18.033 million cost of revenue.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AM-2026-039Serve disclosed that remote human supervisors monitor its delivery fleet and can assist at intersections or when robots cannot navigate conditions.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AM-2026-040An original accessibility study interviewed 15 people with mobility disabilities and eight robotics practitioners about sidewalk robots.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-AM-2026-041Participants with mobility disabilities in the study described having to compete for sidewalk space when public robots are introduced, while practitioners reported that accessibility is often addressed after problems arise.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-001China published GB/T 44265-2024 for sodium-ion batteries in electrical energy-storage stations; it took effect on 1 March 2025.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-002The official standard record identifies GB/T 44265-2024 as technical specifications for sodium-ion batteries used in electrical energy-storage stations.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-004China Datang reported phase one of its Hubei sodium-ion station entered operation at 50 MW and 100 MWh on 30 June 2024.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-007CATL claimed 175 Wh/kg cell energy density for its Naxtra passenger-EV sodium-ion battery at launch.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-008CATL claimed Naxtra retained 90% usable power at minus 40 degrees Celsius.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-009CATL claimed more than 10,000 cycles for Naxtra without providing independent field-life evidence in the launch.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-025Toyota and Idemitsu defined an initial phase for solid-electrolyte development and large-pilot preparation.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-026Their next phase envisaged pilot-facility manufacture and a targeted 2027-2028 vehicle launch.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-027POSCO Future M reported operating a silicon-carbon anode demonstration plant since May 2024.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-028POSCO Future M planned silicon-carbon anode mass production for 2027.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-032The strategy proposes battery assembly, vanadium-flow activity and longer-term lithium-ion cell manufacturing.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-049A 2025 study reported 138.9 mAh/g discharge capacity for a pressure-free silicon-based all-solid-state cell in its stated configuration.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-050The configuration retained 80% capacity after 183 cycles and 54.9% after 1,000 cycles.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-051A pure-silicon comparison cell failed abruptly after 20 cycles.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-052A 2026 production-scrap study reported optimal LFP direct recycling at 400°C, €0.71/kg and 1.18 kg CO2e/kg.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-BAT-2026-053The study reported 98±7% iron and 99±11% lithium recovery for LFP under that condition.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-NA-2026-001China's seven-authority 2025 implementation opinion defines BCI as a channel between brain and machine and directs development of high-performance products and application scenarios.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-NA-2026-005A 25-person Chinese study used smart-bracelet heart-rate features to classify neutral, happy and sad elicitation conditions.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-NA-2026-007A registered Chinese study recruited 30 children aged four to six with cerebral palsy; 20 completed the MI-BCI lower-limb robot experiment with usable EEG data.Evidence B · P0
- MWITA-NA-2026-009Japan's Moonshot program is developing a cybernetic-avatar concept that combines internal brain activity, brain-surface information, interaction data and AI, with ethical issues stated as part of the program.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-NA-2026-010The program states a 2050 goal of realizing a BMI-enabled cybernetic avatar operable as a person wishes.Evidence C · P2
- MWITA-NA-2026-017Researchers reported a self-powered, stretchable, transparent skin-integrated facial interface combining strain and vibration sensing with wireless transfer.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-NA-2026-019India's Department of Biotechnology issued a call seeking research on neural mechanisms, neurotool interfaces and resulting proofs of concept.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-NA-2026-023Abu Dhabi's health research registry lists UAE-PRIME1 as an early-feasibility study of a robotically implanted BCI for external-device control.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-NA-2026-025Brazil's trial registry describes a planned randomized four-arm study of 40 chronic post-stroke participants combining BCI-guided robotics, functional electrical stimulation and active or sham neuromodulation.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-NA-2026-027Chile's Constitution requires scientific and technological development involving people to respect life and physical and psychological integrity and specifically safeguard brain activity and information derived from it.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-NA-2026-031A University of the Free State thesis compared BCI effectiveness and user experience across tasks using an Emotiv EEG interface.Evidence C · P1
- MWITA-NA-2026-033UNESCO's General Conference adopted the Recommendation on the Ethics of Neurotechnology in November 2025, and UNESCO issued a certified copy in March 2026.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-NA-2026-041The sponsor-entered PRIME registry record describes a first-in-human early-feasibility study of Neuralink's skull-mounted wireless N1 implant and R1 implantation robot for external-device control.Evidence C · P1
- MWITA-NA-2026-043The UK Information Commissioner's Office identifies workplace concentration monitoring as a neurotechnology use case and warns of discrimination risks when complex or inaccurate neurotechnology information enters non-medical settings.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-SPC-2026-013KAIST researchers reported a glove prototype that delivers static pressure, dynamic vibration and variable-stiffness feedback across finger joints.Evidence A · P0
- MWITA-SPC-2026-041NVIDIA describes GR00T N1 as a generalist vision-language-action model trained on egocentric human videos, real and simulated robot trajectories and synthetic data.Evidence B · P0
- MWITA-MO-2026-006Adding non-invasive BCI therapy to standard rehabilitation increased one-month FMA-UE improvement by 3.35 points versus standard rehabilitation alone after ischemic stroke.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MO-2026-007A four-week closed-loop EEG motor-imagery BCI with a rehabilitation glove produced higher upper-extremity and activities-of-daily-living scores than dose- and device-matched non-contingent training in a pilot trial.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MO-2026-008In a small randomized trial, BCI-controlled ankle-robotics training improved lower-extremity Fugl-Meyer scores and calf spasticity more than ankle robotics without BCI.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-MO-2026-009A participant- and assessor-blinded trial found greater neurophysiological responsiveness with fNIRS-guided BCI than sham feedback but no additional upper-extremity clinical improvement.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-MO-2026-010A pilot trial of BCI-controlled exoskeleton training reported some within-group motor and psychological gains but no significant between-group superiority for walking speed or endurance over exoskeleton training alone.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-MO-2026-011Four weeks of 360-degree immersive mirror therapy improved upper-extremity function more than traditional mirror therapy and conventional physiotherapy in a small three-arm stroke trial.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-MO-2026-012Additional fully immersive VR balance training improved selected mobility and gait measures but not Berg Balance Scale scores versus standard physiotherapy alone in a pilot trial.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-MO-2026-013An eight-week Kinect mixed-reality program improved selected shoulder movement more than home stretching in breast-cancer survivors, while an additional quality-of-life effect was not statistically clear.Evidence B · P1
- MWITA-SEC-2026-013NIST selected HQC as a structurally different backup KEM while retaining ML-KEM as its recommended primary choice.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-SBCO-2026-006Attachment priming added to social-norm messages reduced electricity use more than standard norms in UAE campus housing during extreme heat.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-SBCO-2026-007Rank-order information changed self-reported energy-conservation behavior in China, whereas numerical values alone and combined formats did not show the same downstream effect.Evidence A · P1
- MWITA-OXO-2026-012Employees reported that full self-checkout still required service comparable to staffed checkout, while semi-self-checkout, where customers only pay, appeared more effective at reducing checkout-worker stress.Evidence C · P1